这两个词都可以作“不成”解。它们的区别在于:miss通常要搭用动名词短语; 而fail通常要搭用动词不定式。例如:
The squirrel was lucky that it missed being caught.那个松鼠很幸运,恰好没有被抓住。
I have failed to catch the train.我没有搭上那班火车。
John failed to pass the examination.
John failed in the examination.
John failed the examination.
约翰考试没有及格。
Mr. Hansen failed to come this morning.
汉森先生今天早晨没有来成。
(原因也许是客观的)
Mr. Hansen didn't come this morning.
汉森先生今天早晨没有来。
(原因多半是主观的)
词源记忆法
英语fail,fallacy,fallible,false和fault均来源于拉丁语动词fallere,其原始意义是“欺骗”,发展为“蒙骗人的希望,使人失望”;其在通俗拉丁语中的后裔fallire(缺陷,失败)进入古法语为faillir,即为英语fail的词源。古法语faillir在盎格鲁-诺曼语中为failer,是英语failure的词源。
I've warned you. If you fail, don't come snivelling back to me.
我已警告过你: 你如果失败, 别哭哭啼啼回来找我.
来源:《简明英汉词典》Take the money to your office without fail, first thing in the morning.
早上第一件事是一定要把钱拿到办公室去。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》Many of Britain's beaches fail to meet minimum standards of cleanliness.
英国许多海滩连最起码的卫生标准都达不倒。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》Voters can be remarkably forgiving of presidents who fail to keep their campaign promises.
选民对总统未履行竞选承诺往往表现出惊人的宽容。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》This magnificent church cannot fail to stop you in your tracks.
这座宏伟的教堂一定会让你止步赞叹。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》If the charcoal does fail to light, use a special liquid spray and light it with a long taper.
要是木炭确实着不了的话,使用一种特殊的液体喷剂,再用长木片将其点燃。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》I would fail my exams but that the classmates help me with my lesson.
要不是同学们帮助我学习功课,我考试就会不及格.
来源:《简明英汉词典》When the Export Department began to fail, Mr. Smith took it in hand and made a success of it.
当商品出口部不景气的时候, 史密斯先生接管了它并取得了成功.
来源:《简明英汉词典》If you do such sloppy work again, I promise I'll fail you.
要是下次作业你再马马虎虎, 我话说在头里,可要给你打不及格了.
来源:《简明英汉词典》The plan was doomed to fail by their refusal to give it any financial support.
由于他们拒绝给予任何资助,该计划注定要失败.
来源:《简明英汉词典》He wanted to make amends for causing their marriage to fail.
他导致了他们的婚姻破裂,因此想作出补偿。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》单词帝 · 英语词汇
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